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Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 2008 33(4):394-400; doi:10.1093/jmp/jhn015
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press, on behalf of the Journal of Medicine and Philosophy Inc. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

The Vagueness of "Tradition" and the Pain and Suffering of Children

Daniel Putman

University of Wisconsin–Fox Valley, Menasha, Wisconsin, USA

Address correspondence to: Daniel Putman, Ph.D., Department of Philosophy, University of Wisconsin–Fox Valley, 1478 Midway Road, Menasha, WI 54952. E-mail: dan.putman{at}uwc.edu


   Abstract

The argument presented by Jeffrey Bishop that "tradition" justifies female circumcision is grounded on the assumption that reason is always situated within traditions and that traditions are the foundational source of values. I argue that the concept of tradition is inherently vague and, as such, cannot support the weight of the argument that makes it the final arbiter of moral values. The concept especially does not justify intense pain and suffering inflicted on children.

Keywords: female circumcision, liberalism, tradition


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Introduction
J Med Philos, August 1, 2008; 33(4): 295 - 301.
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